Domhoff identified three components of all change efforts. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Domhoff's framework for understanding change efforts includes analysis, action, and alternatives. These components are critical in developing a comprehensive approach to social change:

• Analysis involves examining the current social conditions, assessing power dynamics, understanding the needs of various stakeholders, and identifying the root causes of issues. This foundational step ensures that any subsequent actions are well-informed and targeted.

• Action refers to the strategies and initiatives implemented to bring about change. This could encompass policy advocacy, community organizing, or direct intervention strategies, aimed at addressing the identified issues.

• Alternatives are the creative and strategic options that emerge as potential solutions to the problems analyzed. They represent the different paths that change efforts might take, allowing for exploration of innovative solutions and approaches.

While stakeholder engagement is undeniably important in the change process—ensuring that those impacted by issues are involved in developing and implementing solutions—it is not specified as one of Domhoff's main components in the context of his framework. Thus, stakeholder engagement, while valuable, does not fall under the three primary components identified by Domhoff.